Whole of Life Insurance covers you for exactly what it says in the title the whole of your Life from when you incept the insurance policy. Typically you chose an amount to cover you for and this is called your benefit and will be paid out upon your death. As with any insurance policy there are certain medical requirements that need to be met. Depending on the provider and the medical issues you may be asked to have a short medical exam, a tele interview, information from your GP, you will often find that with a Critical Illness Insurance plan these are different to life insurance plans as they write to the doctor more often.
General Practitioner or even a full General Practitioners Report. There are the ways of the insurance company/provider finding out your medical history in order so they can underwrite your application fairly and offer you their best cover.
You my be offered cover with certain exclusion for example if your family have a history of cancer and the insurance company feel that it may be hereditary they will offer terms with an exclusion.